Social capital, or resources accessed through such connections and relations, is critical along with human capital, or what a person or organization actually possesses to individuals, social groups, organizations, and communities in obtaining their objectives. Putnams concept of social capital with that of pierre bourdieus. Social capital theorist nan lin has specifically influenced my research question with his discussion of the inequality of social capital. Social capital explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals.
Nahapiet and ghoshal, 1998, and improve creativity perrysmith and shalley. For instance, another search of social sciences citation index for articles with social capital and health in topics showed that accelerating. Association 1999 2000 and academician at academica sinica. Overview of the evolution of social capital theory social. Lin s book on social capital appeared in 2001, providing a fully developed theoretical scheme. This enterprise, seen in the light of social capital, has accumulated a substantial body of research literature and supported the. In spite of a little group of critics4 the term of social capital has become an element of pocket dictionary of each social scientists, which furthermore met the interest of economists and became an. Lin 2001 defines social capital as the investment in social relations with expected returns in the marketplace p. Online social network sites and the concept of social capital. Definition and theory to gain a better understanding of social capital, it is necessary to place it in the context of different theoretical types of capital lin, 2001a. The essay begins with a discussion that places social capital in a family of capital theories, and points to its networkbased conceptual origin. Social capital the term social capital was first coined in a study of community, in which it was believed that social capital may enhance interpersonal networks, by providing a foundation for trust, collaboration, and group activities jacobs, 1965.
Putnams 1993, 2000 view of social capital builds on colemans work, but has a. The structure of prior relations among people and organizations in a market can affect, or replace, information. International journal of social welfare social capital is a magisterial analysis of how social networks are a key to individual achievement and social inclusion. Putnams concept of social capital has three components. This interaction principle causes inequality in social capital, when specific groups cluster at relatively disadvantaged socioeconomic positions lin 2000. As in other fields, social capital as a theoretical tool easily gains burgeoning acceptance in the health science. We may call these theories of capital the neocapital theories, in contrast to the marxs classical cap ital theory lin l999a. Colemans conceptualization of social capital most closely approximates lourys in terms of the role it plays in the creation of human capital. In the second part of the paper the three components of. Building a network theory of social capital request pdf. Building on the work of granovetter and burt, lin 2000.
This paper explores whether the concept of social capital as popularized by robert putnam is a good social science concept. In the last five years, i have been working exclusively on some specific and. Structural holes versus network closure as social capital. Tang family professor of sociology of the trinity college, duke university. Drawing on his original research in both the united states and east asia, lin presents compelling empirical evidence showing. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. This section discusses the development of social capital theory during three distinct periods. Building a network theory of social capital analytic tech. Pdf building a network theory of social capital eva jackson. This essay traces the development of the research enterprise, known as the social resources theory, which formulated and tested a number of propositions concerning the relationships between embedded resources in social networks and socioeconomic attainment. Building a theory of social capital lin 29 shelter, and clothing to sustain their. Lin conceptualizes social capital as a resource that depends on the quantity or quality of resources that an actor can access or use through a specific location in a social network lin 2000. According to putnam 2000, the term social capital itself first appeared in a 1916 article by. Social capital theory, including robert putnams and pierre bourdieus view, has important business implications for leaders.
This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. The concept of social capital and its usage in educational studies 57 social ties and relations. A network theory of social capital to appear in handbook on social capital, edited by dario castiglione, jan van deth and guglielmo wolleb, oxford university press central aim. In spite of a little group of critics4 the term of social capital has become an element of pocket dictionary of each social scientists, which furthermore met the interest of economists and became an element of global policy. In the past two decades, social capital in its various forms and contexts has emerged as one of the most salient concepts in social sciences. Network approach to social capital theory social capital. How social capital operated in new orleans following hurricane katrina robert l. Building a theory of social capital lin 29 shelter, and clothing to sustain their lives exchange value. This offered a reference point from which several studies assessed social capital measurements by how media is engaged strategically to build social capital. May 20, 2002 in social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. Several years of survey data reveal a dynamic picture of. Replacement happens when market information is so ambiguous that people use network structure as the best available information. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Linking social capital is a third dimension which is in the past has been largely ignored.
Social capital is a measure of the value of resources, both tangible public spaces, private property and intangible actors, human capital, people, and the impact that these. Lins book on social capital appeared in 2001 providing a fully developed. Over the last 100 years, scholars have developed social capital as a multifaceted concept, emphasizing constituting elements for different purposes in a variety of fields. Like almost any form of capital, social capital can also be put to ends that harm other people. The first conceptualization of social capital emphasizes.
Nan lin born 1938 in chongqing, china is the oscar l. Aug 15, 2018 social capital theory, including robert putnams and pierre bourdieus view, has important business implications for leaders. Professor lin is vice president of the american sociological. Social capital and health lijun song department of sociology center for medicine, health, and society. A network theory of social capital 1 duke university. It carefully distinguishes the capital residing in social networks from economic, human, and cultural capital. The role of organizational social capital in performance. What is the difference between bonding and bridging social. Lin succeeds in clarifying a muddled body of work on social capital. Social capital s contribution is derived from both intra and interorganizational relationships.
Bonding social capital refers to the strong ties connecting family members, neighbors, close friends, and business associates. Social capital stress hurricane social involvement disaster katrina abstract research shows that those with greater social capital enjoy better physical and mental health. Social capital and civil society wp0074 created date. The difference between bonding and bridging social capital relates to the nature of the relationships or associations in the social group or community. Journal of health and social behavior, 108119, 1979. Social capital, guanxi and political influence in chinese. Putnam 2000 believes that social capital focuses on the interactions of intracommunity. The implications of this article are that researchers investigating sport and social capital need to understand more about how social networks and places for sport work to create social capital and in particular the changing dynamics of social class. Bridging social capital implies horizontal connections to people with broadly comparable economic status and political power.
The role of organizational social capital in performance management. In this framing, social capital is created through. The lin ks and trust that allow drug cartels and criminal gangs to operate are a form of social capital, albeit one that the rest of us could do without. Investment in social relations with expected returns in the marketplace. Inside the organization, social capital can reduce transactions costs, facilitate information. The distinction between bonding and bridging social capital builds on the seminal work of mark granovetter granovetter 1973, 1985, 2000 on embeddedness. An exploration of social capital and social networking.
The researcher should try to expand the scope and establish new ideas and methods even from other disciplines to address the various challenges. This instrumental notion of individual investment is central to later work on social capital by lin 2001, who sees as its central premise that individuals. Social capital is a relatively new concept in the social sciences. The network structure of social capital 349 mechanisms enter the analysis. Generally, social theorists posit that a variety of positive outcomes is associated with healthy social networks. For example, networks provide social structural resources social capital, which in turn promote acquisition of skills and knowledge human capital to achieve goals that would otherwise be unattainable.
Request pdf on jan 1, 2001, lin and others published building a network theory of social capital find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Defsmition and measurement social capital may be defined as investment and use of embedded resources in social relations for expected returns lin l999a, 2000. Social capital can also be studied as an outcome affected by disasters, and research has highlighted how disaster can reduce social capital varda et al. The disagreement about whether social capital accrues at the individual level, the group level, or both is discussed in detail by portes and borgatti et al. Bourdieu 1986 states that social capital traverses networks and can be exchanged for economic, cultural and symbolic capital. The current study illuminates a paradox of social capital which may af. Network closure, may 2000, page 1 preprint for a chapter in social capital.
Measurement and consequences robert putnam1 this paper starts with a discussion of definitions of social capital, then turns to issues in measurement, and finally, presents some evidence on the consequences of social capital. Using our earlier definition of social capital, bonding social capital is the network of trusting relationships, or social cohesion and trust, among members of a. The influences of social selfefficacy on social trust and. Social capital thus defined allows us to formulate theoretical propositions for identifying the sources of social. Social capital integrates nan lin s two decades of work on social resources and instrumental action. Lin 1 a network theory of social capital nan lin duke university. Functions of social capital bonding, bridging, linking.
Social capital is the effective functioning of social groups through interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of identity, a shared understanding, shared norms, shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity. A network theory of social capital 1 duke university nanlin. Social capital is conceptualized as 1 quantity andor quality of resources that an actor be it an. Companies and organisations can also suffer if they have the wrong sort of social capital. Social capital is conceptualized as 1 quantity andor quality of resources that an actor be it an individual or group or community can access or use through 2 its location in a social network. Despite the substantial development of this literature, putnams notion of social capital absorbed by public health researchers has dominated the field. Hence, lin also described social capital as resources embedded in social relations as well as the characteristics of these relations. Lins is probably the narrowest conception of social capital, with a clear. A theory of social structure and action structural analysis in the social sciences. In the last twenty or so years it has come to indicate that networks of social relationships represent a resource for both the individual and society, since they provide support for the individual and facilitate collective action. This line to social capital theory is call the network approach and is most commonly used by researchers approaching social capital from economics. Fundamentals of social capital university of illinois. Taking gerrings work on concept evaluation as the starting point, the paper first presents a set of criteria for conceptual goodness and discusses how social capital performs on these criteria. Definition and theory to gain a better understanding of social capital, it is necessary to place it in the context of different theoretical types of capital lin.
Nan lin s concept of social capital has a more individualistic approach. Social capital, or resources accessed through such connections and relations, is critical along with human capital, or what a person or. In social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. But the commodity processed and produced by the capitalists can be circulated to and sold in the consumption market at a higher. A comparison analysis of four racial and ethnic groups. Sociological and economic approaches to the analysis of social structure. Social capital and its definitions while numerous definitions of social capital are promoted in the literature, in our road map we will concentrate on those we consider relevant for economic purposes and that refer to a.
The role of social networks in determining earnings. The next section will explore the concept of organizational social capital in greater detail. Social capital a theory of social structure and action in social capital, nan lin explains the importance of using social connections and social relations in achieving goals. The social network communities working on various social network domains face different hurdles, including various new research studies and challenges in social computing. Social capital in the creation of human capital james s. A theory of social structure and action structural analysis in the social sciences kindle edition by lin, nan. What determines social capital in a socialecological system. Bonding social capital is within a group or community whereas bridging social capital is between social groups. This approach stresses the importance of vertical as well as horizontal associations between people and of relations within and among such organizational entities as community groups and firms woolcock and narayan.